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What are the algorithms for a real-time search engine?

The inverted index is designed for fast searches, but not easily updated. As far as I know, an incremental index is used to update the inverted index data.

So what are the algorithms or basic concepts of real-time search, how did they do it?

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Live search can still use an inverted index. You have to keep this index in a form that can be efficiently updated or requested, of course, which does not come for free, but it is certainly possible. Another common technique is to have multiple indexes - one master index (updated frequently) and some overlay (or patch) indexes that only record things that have changed since the last master index.



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