SQLSTATE [HY093]: Invalid parameter number: Parameter not defined (PDO)

I know it was done before death.

But believe me, I've been researching how to fix this for quite some time. What I'm trying to achieve is a MySQL PDO database wrapper for use with PDO, which I can just include in my code. My main problem has to do with, in particular, the two functions as well as the actual binding of the parameters that I am trying to achieve. The reason I am declaring two features and not one is despite my efforts, I have not been able to determine who is trying this issue. The variable I var_dump

ed confirmed that it is not a variable, it is something else. However, the fact that I get this error in the first place means that something must be wrong with the code.

Illustration A: fetch( $table, $columns, $whereArgs )

The purpose of this function is to just get a string. This is accomplished by accepting the table row to retrieve, as well as any columns and where-clauses to accomplish a specific task. Once the parameters have been submitted, one or two loops are called, which dynamically form the request.

public function fetch( $table, $columns, $whereArgs )
    {
        if ( $whereArgs === NULL && $columns === NULL ) return false;

        $select = "SELECT ";
        $where  = " WHERE ";

        $iQuery = 0;

        $sqlParams = array();

        $columnCount = count( $columns ) - 1;

        foreach( $whereArgs as $key => $value )
        {
            $paramKey = sprintf( ':%s', $key );

            $where .= sprintf( "`%s`= %s", $key, $paramKey );

            $sqlParams[ "{$paramKey}" ] = sprintf( "%s", $value );

            if ( $iQuery <= $columnCount )
            {
                $select .= sprintf( '`%s`', $columns[ $iQuery ] );  
                $select .= ', ';
            }
            else 
            {
                $select .= ' '; 
            }

            ++$iQuery;
        }

        if ( $iQuery <= $columnCount )
        {
            for( ; $iQuery < $columnCount; ++$iQuery )
            {
                if ( $iQuery < $columnCount )
                {
                    $select .= sprintf( '`%s`', $columns[ $iQuery ] );  
                    $select .= ', ';
                }
                else 
                {
                    $select .= ' '; 
                }
            }
        }

        $select .= sprintf( "FROM `%s`", $table );

        $query = $select . $where;

        return $this->doQuery( $query, $sqlParams, TRUE, QueryType::Row );
    }

      

        
        
        
      

    

Illustration B: doQuery( $query, $sqlParams, $return = FALSE, $queryType = QueryType::None )

This function is relatively simple: all it does is bind values ​​and statement execution, and when checking what type will be returned (return types which are either "row", "column", or "all") specified by the class QueryType

, a class that is beyond the scope of this problem) and then returns whatever is required.

protected function doQuery( $query, $sqlParams, $return = FALSE, $queryType = QueryType::None )
    {
        $statement = $this->mConnection->prepare( $query );

        foreach( $sqlParams as $param => $value )
        {
            $statement->bindValue( $param, $value );
        }

        $statement->execute( );

        if ( $return )
        {
            switch( $queryType )
            {
                case QueryType::Row:
                    return $statement->fetch( );
                case QueryType::Column:
                    return $statement->fetchColumn( );
                case QueryType::All:
                    return $statement->fetchAll( );
                case QueryType::None:
                    return $statement;
                default:
                    return false;   
            }
        }

    }

      

        
        
        
      

    

Illustration C: test.php

This is just a little test script I wrote to test the database.

$database = new Database( 'evolve_admin' );

$res = $database->fetch(
    'evol_users', 
    array( 'user.id', 'user.email', 'user.firstname' ), 
    array( 'user.email' => 'test1234@test.com' )
);


var_dump( $res );

      

        
        
        
      

    

Other comments

I found out that something was wrong with my code, I just lost what exactly could be. As far as my debugging skills go, I have done quite a bit of research into this question and it seems like this error is very common. My main goal is to get this wrapper working, and if anyone sees any errors within the code itself (including those outside the scope of this issue in particular) please let me know.

To those who offer a hand in this: thank you very much.