Extract word from syntax list in NLTK for Python
Using this one [x for x in wn.all_synsets('n')]
, I can get a list allnouns
with all nouns from Wordnet using NLTK.
The list allnouns
looks like this: Synset('pile.n.01'), Synset('compost_heap.n.01'), Synset('mass.n.03')
etc. Now I can get any element using allnouns[2]
and it should be Synset('mass.n.03')
.
I would like to extract only the word mass, but for some reason I cannot treat it as a string and all I try shows AttributeError: 'Synset' object has no attribute
either TypeError: 'Synset' object is not subscriptable
or or <bound method Synset.name of Synset('mass.n.03')>
if I try to use .name or .pos
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How to try this solution:
>>>> from nltk.corpus import wordnet as wn
>>>> wn.synset('mass.n.03').name().split(".")[0]
'mass'
In your case:
>>>> allnouns = [x for x in wn.all_synsets('n')]
The 23rd index item is "Synset" ("substance .n.07") "Now you can extract its name field, for example
>>>> allnouns[23].name().split(".")[0]
'substance' #output
If you only want to use the "name" fields in the "noun" list in the list, use:
>>>> [x.name().split(".")[0] for x in wn.all_synsets('n')]
should exactly give the desired result.
Note. In wordnet, name
it is not an attribute, but a function!
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Using Synset.names()
to get the name of the canonical lemma synset:
>>> from nltk.corpus import wordnet as wn
>>> wn.synsets('mass', 'n')
[Synset('mass.n.01'), Synset('batch.n.02'), Synset('mass.n.03'), Synset('mass.n.04'), Synset('mass.n.05'), Synset('multitude.n.03'), Synset('bulk.n.02'), Synset('mass.n.08'), Synset('mass.n.09')]
>>> wn.synsets('mass', 'n')[0]
Synset('mass.n.01')
>>> wn.synsets('mass', 'n')[0].name()
u'mass.n.01'
>>> wn.synsets('mass', 'n')[0].name().split('.')[0]
u'mass'
But note that sometimes the syntax consists of multiple lemmas, so you should use Synset.lemma_names()
to access all the lemmas if you are using the shallow form of synset:
>>> wn.synsets('mass', 'n')[0].lemmas()
[Lemma('mass.n.01.mass')]
>>> wn.synsets('mass', 'n')[0].lemma_names()
[u'mass']
>>> wn.synsets('mass', 'n')[0].definition()
u'the property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field'
In case wn.synsets('mass', 'n')[0]
there is only 1 lemma attached to synset. But sometimes there is more than one, for example.
>>> wn.synsets('mass', 'n')[1].lemma_names()
[u'batch', u'deal', u'flock', u'good_deal', u'great_deal', u'hatful', u'heap', u'lot', u'mass', u'mess', u'mickle', u'mint', u'mountain', u'muckle', u'passel', u'peck', u'pile', u'plenty', u'pot', u'quite_a_little', u'raft', u'sight', u'slew', u'spate', u'stack', u'tidy_sum', u'wad']
>>> wn.synsets('mass', 'n')[1].definition()
u"(often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent"
And, to pinpoint the entire wordlist in wordnet exactly, you can try:
>>> from itertools import chain
>>> set(chain(*[i.lemma_names() for i in wn.all_synsets('n')]))
>>> len(set(chain(*[i.lemma_names() for i in wn.all_synsets('n')])))
119034
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