Split HTML table to fit viewport width
I have an HTML table with a lot of columns. I want to split my table to fit the width of the viewport:
Main table
| Column 1 | Column 2 | Column 3 | Column 4
------+----------+----------+----------+---------
Row 1 | (1,1) | (1,2) | (1,3) | (1,4)
Row 2 | (2,1) | (2,2) | (2,3) | (2,4)
What i want to have
| Column 1 | Column 2
------+----------+---------
Row 1 | (1,1) | (1,2)
Row 2 | (2,1) | (2,2)
| Column 3 | Column 4
------+----------+---------
Row 1 | (1,3) | (1,4)
Row 2 | (2,3) | (2,4)
The cells containing "Row X" and "Column X" are the headers that I want to maintain on the wrapped table.
Is this possible using HTML / CSS / Javascript to make the table responsive?
Edit 1 My HTML:
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th>Column 1</th>
<th>Column 2</th>
<th>Column 3</th>
<th>Column 4</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Row 1</th>
<td>(1,1)</td>
<td>(1,2)</td>
<td>(1,3)</td>
<td>(1,4)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Row 2</th>
<td>(2,1)</td>
<td>(2,2)</td>
<td>(2,3)</td>
<td>(2,4)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
+3
source to share
3 answers
Here is a JS solution to get you started. This can be optimized in several ways and you can take it according to your project requirements. All in all, I enjoyed cracking this little sample quickly.
Here's a codepen.io/anon/pen/RPLvyN . (Resize the screen horizontally to see the effect).
HTML:
<div class="tables">
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Position</th>
<th>Office</th>
<th>Age</th>
<th>Start date</th>
<th>Salary</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Tiger Nixon</td>
<td>System Architect</td>
<td>Edinburgh</td>
<td>61</td>
<td>2011/04/25</td>
<td>$320,800</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Garrett Winters</td>
<td>Accountant</td>
<td>Tokyo</td>
<td>63</td>
<td>2011/07/25</td>
<td>$170,750</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Ashton Cox</td>
<td>Junior Technical Author</td>
<td>San Francisco</td>
<td>66</td>
<td>2009/01/12</td>
<td>$86,000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Cedric Kelly</td>
<td>Senior Javascript Developer</td>
<td>Edinburgh</td>
<td>22</td>
<td>2012/03/29</td>
<td>$433,060</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Airi Satou</td>
<td>Accountant</td>
<td>Tokyo</td>
<td>33</td>
<td>2008/11/28</td>
<td>$162,700</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Brielle Williamson</td>
<td>Integration Specialist</td>
<td>New York</td>
<td>61</td>
<td>2012/12/02</td>
<td>$372,000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Herrod Chandler</td>
<td>Sales Assistant</td>
<td>San Francisco</td>
<td>59</td>
<td>2012/08/06</td>
<td>$137,500</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Rhona Davidson</td>
<td>Integration Specialist</td>
<td>Tokyo</td>
<td>55</td>
<td>2010/10/14</td>
<td>$327,900</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Colleen Hurst</td>
<td>Javascript Developer</td>
<td>San Francisco</td>
<td>39</td>
<td>2009/09/15</td>
<td>$205,500</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Sonya Frost</td>
<td>Software Engineer</td>
<td>Edinburgh</td>
<td>23</td>
<td>2008/12/13</td>
<td>$103,600</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Jena Gaines</td>
<td>Office Manager</td>
<td>London</td>
<td>30</td>
<td>2008/12/19</td>
<td>$90,560</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Quinn Flynn</td>
<td>Support Lead</td>
<td>Edinburgh</td>
<td>22</td>
<td>2013/03/03</td>
<td>$342,000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Charde Marshall</td>
<td>Regional Director</td>
<td>San Francisco</td>
<td>36</td>
<td>2008/10/16</td>
<td>$470,600</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Haley Kennedy</td>
<td>Senior Marketing Designer</td>
<td>London</td>
<td>43</td>
<td>2012/12/18</td>
<td>$313,500</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Tatyana Fitzpatrick</td>
<td>Regional Director</td>
<td>London</td>
<td>19</td>
<td>2010/03/17</td>
<td>$385,750</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Michael Silva</td>
<td>Marketing Designer</td>
<td>London</td>
<td>66</td>
<td>2012/11/27</td>
<td>$198,500</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Paul Byrd</td>
<td>Chief Financial Officer (CFO)</td>
<td>New York</td>
<td>64</td>
<td>2010/06/09</td>
<td>$725,000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Gloria Little</td>
<td>Systems Administrator</td>
<td>New York</td>
<td>59</td>
<td>2009/04/10</td>
<td>$237,500</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Bradley Greer</td>
<td>Software Engineer</td>
<td>London</td>
<td>41</td>
<td>2012/10/13</td>
<td>$132,000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Dai Rios</td>
<td>Personnel Lead</td>
<td>Edinburgh</td>
<td>35</td>
<td>2012/09/26</td>
<td>$217,500</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Jenette Caldwell</td>
<td>Development Lead</td>
<td>New York</td>
<td>30</td>
<td>2011/09/03</td>
<td>$345,000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Yuri Berry</td>
<td>Chief Marketing Officer (CMO)</td>
<td>New York</td>
<td>40</td>
<td>2009/06/25</td>
<td>$675,000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Caesar Vance</td>
<td>Pre-Sales Support</td>
<td>New York</td>
<td>21</td>
<td>2011/12/12</td>
<td>$106,450</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Doris Wilder</td>
<td>Sales Assistant</td>
<td>Sidney</td>
<td>23</td>
<td>2010/09/20</td>
<td>$85,600</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Angelica Ramos</td>
<td>Chief Executive Officer (CEO)</td>
<td>London</td>
<td>47</td>
<td>2009/10/09</td>
<td>$1,200,000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Gavin Joyce</td>
<td>Developer</td>
<td>Edinburgh</td>
<td>42</td>
<td>2010/12/22</td>
<td>$92,575</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Jennifer Chang</td>
<td>Regional Director</td>
<td>Singapore</td>
<td>28</td>
<td>2010/11/14</td>
<td>$357,650</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Brenden Wagner</td>
<td>Software Engineer</td>
<td>San Francisco</td>
<td>28</td>
<td>2011/06/07</td>
<td>$206,850</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Fiona Green</td>
<td>Chief Operating Officer (COO)</td>
<td>San Francisco</td>
<td>48</td>
<td>2010/03/11</td>
<td>$850,000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Shou Itou</td>
<td>Regional Marketing</td>
<td>Tokyo</td>
<td>20</td>
<td>2011/08/14</td>
<td>$163,000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Michelle House</td>
<td>Integration Specialist</td>
<td>Sidney</td>
<td>37</td>
<td>2011/06/02</td>
<td>$95,400</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Suki Burks</td>
<td>Developer</td>
<td>London</td>
<td>53</td>
<td>2009/10/22</td>
<td>$114,500</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Prescott Bartlett</td>
<td>Technical Author</td>
<td>London</td>
<td>27</td>
<td>2011/05/07</td>
<td>$145,000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Gavin Cortez</td>
<td>Team Leader</td>
<td>San Francisco</td>
<td>22</td>
<td>2008/10/26</td>
<td>$235,500</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Martena Mccray</td>
<td>Post-Sales support</td>
<td>Edinburgh</td>
<td>46</td>
<td>2011/03/09</td>
<td>$324,050</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Unity Butler</td>
<td>Marketing Designer</td>
<td>San Francisco</td>
<td>47</td>
<td>2009/12/09</td>
<td>$85,675</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Howard Hatfield</td>
<td>Office Manager</td>
<td>San Francisco</td>
<td>51</td>
<td>2008/12/16</td>
<td>$164,500</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Hope Fuentes</td>
<td>Secretary</td>
<td>San Francisco</td>
<td>41</td>
<td>2010/02/12</td>
<td>$109,850</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Vivian Harrell</td>
<td>Financial Controller</td>
<td>San Francisco</td>
<td>62</td>
<td>2009/02/14</td>
<td>$452,500</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Timothy Mooney</td>
<td>Office Manager</td>
<td>London</td>
<td>37</td>
<td>2008/12/11</td>
<td>$136,200</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Jackson Bradshaw</td>
<td>Director</td>
<td>New York</td>
<td>65</td>
<td>2008/09/26</td>
<td>$645,750</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Olivia Liang</td>
<td>Support Engineer</td>
<td>Singapore</td>
<td>64</td>
<td>2011/02/03</td>
<td>$234,500</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Bruno Nash</td>
<td>Software Engineer</td>
<td>London</td>
<td>38</td>
<td>2011/05/03</td>
<td>$163,500</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Sakura Yamamoto</td>
<td>Support Engineer</td>
<td>Tokyo</td>
<td>37</td>
<td>2009/08/19</td>
<td>$139,575</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Thor Walton</td>
<td>Developer</td>
<td>New York</td>
<td>61</td>
<td>2013/08/11</td>
<td>$98,540</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Finn Camacho</td>
<td>Support Engineer</td>
<td>San Francisco</td>
<td>47</td>
<td>2009/07/07</td>
<td>$87,500</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Serge Baldwin</td>
<td>Data Coordinator</td>
<td>Singapore</td>
<td>64</td>
<td>2012/04/09</td>
<td>$138,575</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Zenaida Frank</td>
<td>Software Engineer</td>
<td>New York</td>
<td>63</td>
<td>2010/01/04</td>
<td>$125,250</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Zorita Serrano</td>
<td>Software Engineer</td>
<td>San Francisco</td>
<td>56</td>
<td>2012/06/01</td>
<td>$115,000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Jennifer Acosta</td>
<td>Junior Javascript Developer</td>
<td>Edinburgh</td>
<td>43</td>
<td>2013/02/01</td>
<td>$75,650</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Cara Stevens</td>
<td>Sales Assistant</td>
<td>New York</td>
<td>46</td>
<td>2011/12/06</td>
<td>$145,600</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Hermione Butler</td>
<td>Regional Director</td>
<td>London</td>
<td>47</td>
<td>2011/03/21</td>
<td>$356,250</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Lael Greer</td>
<td>Systems Administrator</td>
<td>London</td>
<td>21</td>
<td>2009/02/27</td>
<td>$103,500</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Jonas Alexander</td>
<td>Developer</td>
<td>San Francisco</td>
<td>30</td>
<td>2010/07/14</td>
<td>$86,500</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Shad Decker</td>
<td>Regional Director</td>
<td>Edinburgh</td>
<td>51</td>
<td>2008/11/13</td>
<td>$183,000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Michael Bruce</td>
<td>Javascript Developer</td>
<td>Singapore</td>
<td>29</td>
<td>2011/06/27</td>
<td>$183,000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<td>Donna Snider</td>
<td>Customer Support</td>
<td>New York</td>
<td>27</td>
<td>2011/01/25</td>
<td>$112,000</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
CSS
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
body {
padding: 10px 20px;
}
table {
border-collapse: collapse;
}
table + table {
margin-top: 15px;
}
table th,
table td {
white-space: nowrap;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
padding: 5px 10px;
text-align: left;
}
table tr th:first-of-type {
border: 0;
}
JavaScript:
function FlexTable(el, container) {
if(!(this instanceof FlexTable)) {
return new FlexTable(el, container);
}
this.$el = $(el);
this.$container = $(container);
this.tables = [{
$el: this.$el,
columns: []
}];
this.getInfo();
this.extractData();
this.extractLabels();
this.handleResizing();
this.restructure();
}
FlexTable.prototype.getInfo = function() {
this.columns = [];
this.$el.find("thead th").each(function(key, el) {
this.columns.push($(el).outerWidth());
}.bind(this));
this.tables[0].columns = this.columns.slice(1);
};
FlexTable.prototype.extractData = function() {
this.data = [];
this.rows = -1;
$("tbody td").each(function(index, element) {
if(index % (this.columns.length - 1) === 0) {
this.data[++this.rows] = [];
}
this.data[this.rows].push($(element).text().trim());
}.bind(this));
};
FlexTable.prototype.extractLabels = function() {
this.columnLabels = [];
this.rowLabels = [];
this.$el.find("thead > tr > :nth-of-type(n + 2)").each(function(index, element) {
this.columnLabels.push($(element).text().trim());
}.bind(this)).end().find("tbody > tr > :first-child")
.each(function(index, element) {
this.rowLabels.push($(element).text().trim());
}.bind(this));
};
FlexTable.prototype.handleResizing = function() {
this.$container.resize(function() {
this.restructure();
}.bind(this));
};
FlexTable.prototype.availableSpace = function(flatten) {
return flatten ? +Infinity : this.$container.outerWidth();
};
FlexTable.prototype.possibleTables = function() {
var space = this.availableSpace();
var total = 0;
var column = 0;
var numTables = 0;
var tables = [];
while(true) {
total = this.columns[0];
tables[numTables] = {
$el: null,
columns: []
};
do {
total += this.columns[++column];
tables[numTables].columns.push(column - 1);
} while((total + this.columns[column + 1]) < space);
numTables++;
if(column === this.columns.length - 1) {
break;
}
}
return tables;
};
FlexTable.prototype.sameTablesAsBefore = function(tables) {
if(this.tables.length !== tables.length) {
return false;
}
for(var i = 0, len = tables.length; i < len; i++) {
if(tables[i].columns.length !== this.tables[i].columns.length) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
};
FlexTable.prototype.clearExistingTables = function() {
this.tables.forEach(function(table) {
table.$el.remove();
});
};
FlexTable.prototype.tableTemplate = function() {
var $table = $("<table></table>");
var $tbody = $("<tbody></tbody>");
$table.append("<thead><tr><th></th></tr></thead>");
this.data.forEach(function(element, index) {
this.cellTemplate(true)
.text(this.rowLabels[index])
.appendTo($("<tr></tr>").appendTo($tbody));
}.bind(this));
return $table.append($tbody);
};
FlexTable.prototype.cellTemplate = function(th) {
return $(th ? "<th></th>" : "<td></td>");
};
FlexTable.prototype.buildTable = function(table, column) {
var $table = this.tableTemplate();
for(var i = 0, len = table.columns.length; i < len; i++, column++) {
this.cellTemplate(true)
.text(this.columnLabels[column])
.appendTo($table.find("thead tr"));
for(var j = 0, lenj = this.data.length; j < lenj; j++) {
this.cellTemplate()
.text(this.data[j][table.columns[i]])
.appendTo($table.find("tbody tr").eq(j));
}
}
return $table;
};
FlexTable.prototype.restructure = function() {
var tables = this.possibleTables();
if(this.sameTablesAsBefore(tables)) {
return;
}
this.clearExistingTables();
for(var i = 0, column = 0, len = tables.length; i < len; column += tables[i++].columns.length) {
var $table = this.buildTable(tables[i], column);
tables[i].$el = $table;
$(".tables").append($table);
}
this.tables = tables;
};
$(function() {
FlexTable(".tables table:first", window);
});
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If you are only using one table, then I doubt your specifications will be met without using JavaScript to completely restructure the HTML. The latter, in my opinion, would not be the best solution. If you want to customize your markup from scratch, then yes, you can accomplish the functionality you're looking for using just CSS.
Here's just one example: http://jsfiddle.net/ktrz74sm/ . (Resize your screen to see the effect).
HTML:
<div id = "wrapper">
<table>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Column 1</td>
<td>Column 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Row 1</td>
<td>(1, 1)</td>
<td>(1, 2)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Row 2</td>
<td>(2, 1)</td>
<td>(2, 2)</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Column 3</td>
<td>Column 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Row 1</td>
<td>(1, 3)</td>
<td>(1, 4)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Row 2</td>
<td>(2, 3)</td>
<td>(2, 4)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
CSS
table td {
text-align: center;
}
@media screen and (min-width: 400px) {
table {
display: inline-table;
}
table:nth-of-type(2) td:first-of-type {
display: none;
}
}
And here's a solution that uses counters to exclude row and column names: http://jsfiddle.net/nm5bybf2/ .
HTML:
<div id = "wrapper">
<table>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>(1, 1)</td>
<td>(1, 2)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>(2, 1)</td>
<td>(2, 2)</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>(1, 3)</td>
<td>(1, 4)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>(2, 3)</td>
<td>(2, 4)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
CSS
body {
counter-reset: column-counter;
}
table td {
text-align: center;
}
table {
counter-reset: row-counter;
}
table tr:nth-of-type(n + 2) td:first-of-type:before {
counter-increment: row-counter;
content: "Row " counter(row-counter);
}
table tr:first-of-type td:nth-of-type(n + 2):before {
counter-increment: column-counter;
content: "Column " counter(column-counter);
}
@media screen and (min-width: 400px) {
table {
display: inline-table;
}
table:nth-of-type(2) td:first-of-type {
display: none;
}
}
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Basically you are trying to make a responsive table without getting columns that don't fit into the view space cut off by the edge of the screen, right?
If so, why not just make two side-by-side tables? Let me explain.
I actually had to find a solution to the same problem just last week for a client of the company I work for, for those who need a 9 by 9 table on their site, which is important, except for the need to be responsive.
So here's what I came up with.
I have created two side tables. The first contains only one column with 9 rows. Then, immediately to the right of it, I created a second table with 8 columns and 9 rows. I have set both tables to a fixed height so they line up correctly. Then use the bootstrap bootstrap class and apply it to the large table you want to scroll. Use CSS queries to change table widths using max-width (and set media queries accordingly for your table at different page widths). This makes the two tables look like one table, but makes the left column (aka table) fixed. This eliminates the need to repeat the first column over and over when displaying the remaining columns.
Check out the table at the bottom of this page on mobile or narrow screen to see what I'm talking about and see if this setting will work for your use. A clean mobile table with CSS support with many columns.
http://www.cleanplanetdetailing.com/test-gtechniq-pricing.html
If this method works for what you are trying to do and you want more details on how to do it, post a comment and I will be happy to post on it if you need to.
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