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Explanation of PHP foreach array within a function

I have the following PHP code:

$car1 = new Car('Ford','Fusion');
$car2 = new Car('Chevy', 'Avalanche');
$car3 = new Car('Ford', 'F150');

$cars = array($car1, $car2, $car3);

function getCarsByMake($carMake){
    foreach($cars as $car){
        if($car->make == $carMake){
            echo 'Car: ' . $car->make . ' ' . $car->model . "<br>";
        }
    }
}

getCarsByMake('Ford');

I am getting an error that $cars

the statement is foreach

undefined. However, as I understand it, the array $cars

should be global in scope? If I pass the array to the function via the constructor, it works fine. But I am wondering why I cannot access the array this way.

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4 answers


You have two options.

  • Add a keyword global 

    function getCarsByMake($carMake){
   global $cars;
   foreach($cars as $car){
       if($car->make == $carMake){
           echo 'Car: ' . $car->make . ' ' . $car->model . "<br>";
       }
   }
}

  • Use an array $GLOBALS

    :

    function getCarsByMake($carMake){
    foreach($GLOBALS["cars"] as $car){
        if($car->make == $carMake){
            echo 'Car: ' . $car->make . ' ' . $car->model . "<br>";
        }
    }
}


Although I would still recommend passing it as an explicit parameter, as it makes the code more readable and maintainable, IMHO.

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Along with the Exprator solution, you can also pass an array $cars

to a function like this.



function getCarsByMake($carMake, $cars){
    foreach($cars as $car){
        if($car->make == $carMake){
            echo 'Car: ' . $car->make . ' ' . $car->model . "<br>";
        }
    }
}

getCarsByMake('Ford', $cars);
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function getCarsByMake($carMake){
    global $cars;
    foreach($cars as $car){
        if($car->make == $carMake){
            echo 'Car: ' . $car->make . ' ' . $car->model . "<br>";
        }
    }
}

getCarsByMake('Ford');

because the function doesn't get $cars

you need to globally access it inside the function

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You can call $ cars all over the world, but you can also try in a different way according to your code. Ex:

$car1 = new Car('Ford','Fusion');
$car2 = new Car('Chevy', 'Avalanche');
$car3 = new Car('Ford', 'F150');

$cars = array($car1, $car2, $car3);

function getCarsByMake($carMake,$cars){
    foreach($cars as $car){
        if($car->make == $carMake){
            echo 'Car: ' . $car->make . ' ' . $car->model . "<br>";
        }
    }
}

getCarsByMake('Ford',$cars);
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